Since January 1998, the provision of an infrastructure and all telecommunication services has been liberalised in the European Union.
Specific directives have imposed rules for things like voice telephony, leased lines and interconnection. There has also been emphasis on organisations with significant market power and on establishing a common set of principles for licensing and enforcement.
All of the markets in which BT operates around the world are regulated.
In each, BT has to obtain licences or other authorisations and comply with their conditions.
Market liberalisation varies widely. Many markets are fully open to competition while others place restrictions on market entrants - such as the extent to which foreign ownership is permitted, or on the services which may be provided.
The extent to which the national incumbent operator is effectively regulated also varies considerably.
BT's ability to compete fully in some countries is therefore constrained.
